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How a Planar Magnetic Diaphragm Headphone Driver Works In the past, dynamic drivers featured a voice coil attached at the center of a conical dialephragm. When an electrical signal passes through a voice coil, the diaphragm is moved. However, the force that is exerted is limited to a narrow area, and it's hard for various points on the diaphragms to move at the same time. This can result in distortions caused by breakup patterns. Sound Detail Many audiophiles want an accurate sound through their headphones. One way to achieve this is through a planar magnetic diaphragm. This type of headphone operates in a similar way to dynamic cone drivers but with a much more modern technology. A planar diaphragm has a flat structure that's integrated into the headphone's frame and made of a light, thin film-like material. It's designed to be as uniform as it can be and its flat surface allows an evenly distributed pressure across the entire surface which, in turn, improves sound clarity. The flat design allows for a better soundstage. A more precise wavefront leads to better sound staging, which can help you locate the exact location of an instrument or vocal on the track. This is a significant advantage over the more spherical wavefront typical of dynamic drivers. Unlike traditional dynamic drivers, which make use of a voice coil located near the center of a paper or plastic cone, a planar diaphragm uses magnets placed on its flat surface. The electrical current flowing through the voice coil interacts with these magnets, causing the diaphragm, which causes it to vibrate and create sound. The entire diaphragm is controlled simultaneously. This is a way to eliminate breakup modes, mechanical filters, transmission delays and local resonances, which can have a negative impact on sound quality. A flat and uniform diaphragm can also be accelerated more quickly than the larger and more heavy ones used in dynamic drivers. Physics' laws of physics say that force is proportional to acceleration and mass, which means the faster a diaphragm will move, the more force it exerts. This gives planar magnet drivers a more accurate response to bass and superior detail retrieval. Of course, the advantages of the planar magnetic driver do not come without cost. They're more expensive than dynamic drivers because they feature a larger diaphragm and a complicated motor. They also require a stronger amplifier to function properly. Many planar magnetic headphone makers are able to take advantage of their technology and design high-performance headphones at a price that is competitive. Examples include the Audeze LCD-4 and HiFiMAN Susvara. High Sensitivity Planar drivers differ from the moving coil drivers used in most headphones or IEMs in that they employ a flat membrane instead of a traditional dome or cone shaped membrane. When an electrical signal travels through, it interacts with the magnets on both sides of the diaphragm and produces sound waves by vibrating the diaphragm. The flat diaphragm is able to respond quickly to sound, and it can produce a wide spectrum of frequencies from lows to highs. Planar magnetic headphones are more sensitive than other drivers for headphone which make use of diaphragms several time larger than a typical planar design. This results in an exceptional quantity of dynamic range and clarity that allows you to hear every detail your music has to provide. Planar magnetic drivers also provide an extremely constant driving force that is evenly distributed throughout the diaphragm. This prevents breakup and creates a smooth, distortion-free sound. This is particularly important for high frequencies in which the presence of breakup can be very audible and distracting. This is achieved in FT5 by using polyimide, a material that is extremely light and durable, and also a sophisticated conductor design that eliminates intermodulation distortion caused by inductance. The planar magnetic drivers of OPPO have much better phase coherence, which means that when a wavefront strikes the ear canal, it's an unaltered, flat shape. Dynamic drivers however they have a spherical-shaped wavefront, which disrupts this coherence and causes less-than-perfect signal peak reconstructions, especially in high frequencies. OPPO headphones sound very real and natural. Wide Frequency Response Planar magnetic diaphragms are able to reproduce sounds at higher frequencies than traditional dynamic drivers. This is because their diaphragms are thin and light. moves very precisely. They are able to deliver an excellent transient response. This makes them a perfect option for audiophiles who are looking for headphones and speakers capable of reproducing the most precise details of music. This flat structure gives them an even soundstage than headphones that employ a dynamic driver that is coiled. They are also less susceptible to leakage – sound that escapes from the headphone cups into the surrounding environment. In some cases this can be a problem because it can distract listeners and disrupt their concentration while listening to music. In some instances this could be a problem since it can distract listeners and alter their focus while listening to music. Instead of using a coil behind a cone-shaped diaphragm, planar headphones are made up of conductors that are printed on the very thin film of the diaphragm itself. This conductor is then suspended in between two magnets and when an electrical signal is applied to this array, it turns into electromagnetic, causing the magnetic forces on either side of the diaphragms to interact with each other. This is what causes the diaphragm vibrate, creating the sound wave. The uniform movement of the diaphragm, which is lightweight, and the fact that the force is evenly distributed over its surface, means that distortion is extremely low. This is an enormous improvement over traditional dynamic drivers which are known to cause distortion at very high levels of listening. Some high-end headphones use the old-fashioned moving coil design. However, most HiFi audiophiles are now adopting this long-forgotten technology to create a new generation of planar magnetic headphones that sound incredible. Certain models require a top-of-the-line amplifier to provide power. For those who can afford it, they offer an experience unlike any other headphones. They have a deep clear, clear sound that's free of distortion that can be found in other headphone types. Minimal Inertia Due to their construction, planar diaphragms can move faster and are less heavy than conventional drivers. This means they can reproduce audio signals with greater precision and can be tuned for more frequencies. They also produce natural sound with less distortion than traditional dynamic loudspeakers. The two rows of a planar magnet driver create equal and uniform magnetic force across the entire diaphragm surface. This reduces unnecessary and unwanted distortion. Since the force exerted on the lightweight diaphragm is distributed evenly, it can be controlled more precisely. This lets the diaphragm move with a precise pistonic movement. They are also capable of achieving extremely high levels of performance while carrying very little weight. This makes them perfect for headphones that can be carried around. They can also be made to produce a range in frequencies, ranging from low-frequency sounds to high-frequency ones. Audio professionals appreciate them for their wide frequency response and accurate sound. Planar magnetic drivers are different from dynamic drivers that use coils to push the diaphragm. They don't have any mechanical parts which can cause distortion. This is because the flat array sits on the diaphragm's surface, rather than in the form of a coil behind. A planar magnetic driver, however can drive a light and thin diaphragm with an extremely powerful magnetic force without any energy loss. The diaphragm, which is an extremely thin and lightweight membrane, is driven by a magnetic field that exerts a constant pressure. headphones planar stops it from deforming or causing distortion. The moment of inertia is an important property that describes the object's resistance to rotation. It is calculated using the formula I = mr2. The shape of the object influences its minimum moment of inertia with thinner and longer objects having lower moments of inertia compared to larger and thicker objects.